Powers of Horror by Julia Kristeva, Questions and Answers

To what extent are we all ‘strangers to ourselves’, even in our own countries? Answer with reference to Kristeva’s book. Exile, the reality and practice of being barred from a native country, has prolifically influenced many philosophers’ theoretical writings. Indeed, Julia Kristeva being in exile from her native Bulgaria is a foreigner in an unascertained land. Being an outcast influence’s her philosophical, political and sociological extended essay Strangers to Ourselves published in 1991. The book addresses a problem that Kristeva has experienced first-hand: the struggle of being a foreigner in Western culture and the difficulties that people and nations have with treating foreigners residing in their motherland. Jealousy drives our nationalist temperaments and Kristeva explores the figure of the unconscious foreigner in all of us. Strangers to Ourselves draws on the difficulty that natives have in accepting the stranger within and if we can come to terms with this notion. The exile is often a foreigner in an unfamiliar place or a foreigner repressed within the native’s unconsci ous, however a feeling of ‘strangeness’ can also occur through an exclusion from the ‘hegemonic rationalism of modern society’ (Lechte: 79). There are at least two other forms of exile that can produce the foreign-ness in us: being an exile as a way to thrive intellectually and imaginatively and being alienated as a woman. Historically and in the contemporary world, natives incite prejudice ontoShow MoreRelatedEssay on Technologies of Seduction3757 Words   |  16 PagesTechnologies of Seduction â€Å"There can be no question of escaping the twisted logic of theoretical writing; there are only different ways of coming to terms with it.† (Shaviro 11) Blind Beast (Masumura Yasuzo 1969), Ghost in the Shell (Ohii Mamoru 1995), and Spirited Away (Miyazaki Hayao 2001) sustain the relation between the ‘body’ and ‘technology’: its terrific horror is its seduction. Captured bodies cut, cybernetic bodies hacked, and fattened bodies served. These three films all captureRead MoreMetamorphoses Within Frankenstein14861 Words   |  60 PagesAncient Mariner , who erupts into Mary Sh elley’s text as o ccasionally and inev itably as th e Monster into Victor Frankenstein’s lif e, Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometh eus passes, like night, from land to land and w ith stang ely ad aptable powers of speech addresses itself to a critical aud ien ce that is larger and mor e diverse than that of almo st any oth er work of liter atur e in Eng lish : Mary Shelley’s Franken stein is famously reinterpretable. It can be a late v ersion of th e

Causes And Effects Of Bullying - 1297 Words

Triston Norris Battle/Martinez English 111 10/23/15 Causes and Effects of Bullying Bullying is a big issue that spreads through the world. It can happen to anyone of all ages, and in numerous ways. Bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among people that involves a real or perceived power imbalance that either repeats or has the potential to repeat, overtime (Bullying Definition). There are so many factors that tie into bullying such as, why the bully is actually bullying, why the bully chose that victim, or even the effects that occur while the bullying is taking place. Low self-esteem is a common reason why someone would want to bully a person. Low self-esteem is the lack of pride a person feels in themselves. Often times a bully feels like they are less than others and the only way for them to feel better about themselves is to try to bring others down. A lot of bullies aren’t trying to hurt someone physically, they use words and certain remarks to torture a person, making that person feel just as less as them just to upl ift their own self-esteem. Although low self-esteem is a cause narcissism is also a factor to bullying. Not only can a bully feel less of themselves but they can also feel that they are higher or better than others. Cockiness is a trait seen in many bullies. This may show in people such as jocks at a high school, or a fellow co-worker that may have a higher position or make a higher salary. There are a lot of cases where a bully is getting bulliedShow MoreRelatedCauses and Effects of Bullying1066 Words   |  4 PagesThe rapper Macklemore once said, â€Å"Bullying is a national epidemic.† Bullying has been an issue in the United States in the 1970’s and is still growing nationwide. Despite efforts to contain and eradicate bullying, bullies and bullying has not gone away and has been growing rather than declining. Bullying is a current issue that is controversial because there is little to no action against bullying, the damage done to the victims lead to horrible actions such as suicide, and although it is gainingRead MoreThe Causes And Effects Of Bullying1369 Words   |  6 Pages2015 The Causes and Effects of Bullying Bullying is defined as unwanted or aggressive behavior that causes someone to feel afraid or intimidated. This behavior could be something physical, verbal or something done electronically or through social media. If someone feels threatened by someone’s actions or words, it could be considered bullying, even if that was not the intent. In my Senior project paper, I will discuss the types of bullying, how to recognize bullying, how to report bullying, what toRead MoreThe Cause And Effect Of Bullying1549 Words   |  7 Pagescommon variables within our family that make bullies and define the bullied. THE BULLIES AND THE BULLIED More frequently than not parents are the underlined cause of bullying. At the very least they are responsible for teaching the ways in which to avoid the stress and social impact bullying causes . Several parenting patterns, cause children to boss around or to be bullied as well as give birth to the perpetrator, the bully. Bullies Authoritarian style parenting, which makes usage of violenceRead MoreBullying : Cause And Effect2156 Words   |  9 PagesEmilie Chambers Professor Ulysses Mack English 1302 1 December 2014 Research Paper Bullying: Cause and Effect Bullying is one of America’s largest current problems involving children and teens, it is serious, destructive, and harmful and desperately needs to stop. Bullying is not secluded to one area of America, it is alive in many homes and schools. Bullies play an enormous role in causing their peers to injure themselves, become mentally unstable, struggle with depression, and potentially commitRead MoreThe Cause And Effect Of Bullying1876 Words   |  8 PagesGraduation Project Essay Topic: The Cause and Effect of Bullying Thesis Statement: Bullying is verbal physical abuse that causes the victims to be exploited from social activity, traumatized and sometimes even commit suicide. It consists of redundant acts that cause the bully to have power over the victim. Bullying is a common experience for many children, teenagers, and even adults. Bullying is aggressive behavior between two or more peers that involves a repetition of unwanted negative actionsRead MoreBullying : The Causes And Effects Of Cyberbullying1060 Words   |  5 PagesBullying by electric forms of contact, better known as cyberbullying, has become an epidemic throughout the world in the last few years. While those affected may not be harmed physically, mentally and emotionally they are tortured and some never recover. For youths who have been cyberbullied, it is reported that they have a higher chance of anxiety and also depression. They are also more likely to have problems in their personal lives and in school. Those affected can have thoughts that lead themRead MoreBullying : The Causes And Effects Of Cyberbullying1106 Words   |  5 PagesCyberbullying is bullying that takes place over digital devices such as cell phones, computers, and tablets. It can include sharing personal or private information about someone else causing embarrassment or humiliation, sometimes crossing the line into unlawful or criminal behavior. The effects of cyberbullying can be alarming, but they are clear when discussing the coinciding of actual physical bullying, poor academic performance, high rates of depression and other emotions, and even suicidal behaviorRead MoreBullying : The Causes And Effects Of Cyberbullying1508 Words   |  7 Pagesthe same age group. A lot of people think they know what cyberbullying and bullying is but they are not the same. Cyberbullying can affect a kid as much as physical bullying. Cyberbullying has been proven to affect one out of every three children. There are seven or more different ways a person can be cyberbullied. It can lead to person a harming themselves or others being harmed. Cyberbullying has been proven to be a cause of suicide. It affects many people and it can be prevented. ( Breguet pageRead MoreBullying Cause And Eff ect Essay1878 Words   |  8 PagesHave you ever bullied or been bullied? If you have bullied or been bullied, then you should know what bullying feels like. It has a very negative effect on one’s physical and emotional state, and creates major problems for our society. Bullying is one of the merging problems that children as well as teenagers facing in school when they are away from their parents protection. Bullying must be stopped or prevented no matter how long it takes. Nothing good comes out of bulling. It canRead MoreBullying Schools : Its Causes And Effects On Students899 Words   |  4 Pages Bullying is a worldwide issue that affects millions of individuals every day. To some it could be meant as a joke but the reality of the matter is that it could cost someone their life. One article written about the causes and effects of bullying in elementary schools’ explains, â€Å"bullying may include verbal and physical assaults, threats, ‘jokes’ or language, mockery and criticizing, insulting behavior and facial expressions†(Jan,2015). Bullying is not just narrowed down to one specific remark;

Womens Lifestyle Differences free essay sample

They were not to shame their men by having any other opinion than what their husbands had told them to have. There are many differences between the rights of women of the 18th and 21st centuries. One of the most publicized and talked about differences is a woman’s right to work outside of the home. During the 18th century women were not allowed to work outside of the home. They were to take care of their home, children, and husband. If a woman were to have such notions as to work outside of the home she would run the risk of not having the right to live in her community any longer. As for women of the 21st century, they practically have equal rights in almost every workplace, although there are still a few situations in which women would be put into sexually dangerous situations, so they are still not allowed. We will write a custom essay sample on Womens Lifestyle Differences or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Women generally have a career of their own. In fact they are typically frowned upon if they do not contribute to their household by earning an income. As one may see, there have been a large amount of changes concerning a woman’s right to work outside of a home. Another widely known difference of rights is a woman’s right to vote and voice her own opinion. During the 18th century a woman simply did not have the right to her own opinion let alone vote for it, whereas women of the 21st century have every right to their own opinion as well as the right to vote in favor of their opinion. During the 18th century women were supposed to simply obey their husbands and keep their opinions to themselves. Men made all final decisions in a household, but if women were lucky they would be allowed to speak to their husbands in private about their concerns before the husband made his final decision. Men of the public were also allowed to keep a woman in her place. Women who decided that they ere going to attempt having their own rights were subjected to torturous punishment such as the ducking tool. Voices of women in the 21st century however are heard and counted for. Women are not only allowed, but also encouraged to vote for anyone or anything they believe in. Again, not only are they encouraged to vote for which candidate they believe in, but als o could be that person whom is being voted for. There are women in the public office as well as a woman who has run for president. Women’s rights concerning their opinions have made a big turnaround during the course of the past few centuries. Women of the 21st century generally have a higher education whereas women of the 18th century were mostly forbidden to have such education. During the 18th century women were only allowed to have a very minimal amount of education. The most education they were to have was what they needed in order to take care of her wifely duties, and then if they were lucky if their husbands may teach them a thing or two. Most generally women knew how to read, write, and do very basic mathematics such as adding and subtracting. They were instead to put all of their time and effort into running the home smoothly and taking care of their husband’s needs. Women of the 21st century however generally aspire to have a degree of some sort. Women are encouraged to graduate high school and move on to college to finish a degree of their choice so they may provide for themselves and be independent. They strive to do everything a man can do, and are encouraged by the general public to do so. Women as a whole have grown more independent including their educational rights between the 18th and 21st centuries. One of the rights that most people tend to avoid thinking too much about is a woman’s right to own her own property. Women of the 18th century were not allowed to own their own property. There was only one exception to this rule. If their husbands were to put in their will that the woman may have ownership of the home if he were to pass away. A woman was not allowed to just simply purchase her own property. She was to marry a man, and he would provide a home for her and their family. In the 21st century women have the right to work for and purchase their own property and homes. They are just as entitled to their own property as men, so long as they can have the credit and income to pay for it. Women are considered strong, independent, and good role models if they own their own property and home. Women are much more independent in the 21st century as opposed to the 18th century. Women in the 21st century have gained so many rights over the centuries that they are practically equal to men in the public eye. Women now have the right to vote, have their own opinions, gain an education, work outside of the home, and own their own property. The 18th century women however were not allowed to have an opinion much less vote on it. They were also not allowed to want an education or to work outside of the home, or they would face punishment. The rights of a woman have changed severely from the 18th century to the present 21st century.

Qualitative Objectives Essay Example

Qualitative Objectives Paper This could be done on a database more easily by the use of a query to bring the two forms together, making it very easy to look at and analyse.  Objectives for the new system  Qualitative Objectives:  Improve speed and ease of accessing, and updating the data on all the students, subjects and grades information forms.  Trap user errors in data entry by providing validations for the input. Data entry should be as fast as possible, particularly as there will be a lot of students to add to the database when it is first set up and installed.  Enable user to easily extract information such as class lists of students for a subject and total predicted grades as well as Target Minimum Grade (TMG).  Quantitative Objectives:  A new student can be added to the database within 5 seconds.  The database can hold up to 150 student records.  It should take no longer than 15 seconds to find all the student data required like student details, student subjects, current grades, subject teachers to compile a report for the student. We will write a custom essay sample on Qualitative Objectives specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Qualitative Objectives specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Qualitative Objectives specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Data Flows  A data flow diagram of the parts of the proposed system is shown below:  Students  Details  Tasks  Kate needs to store the students, ID, name, address, name of parent, telephone number, sex and date of birth on a personal information table.  Apart from this tables are needed on which subject the students are studying. Each subject has to have a code and a subject name. She also wants the level being studied and the year (1,2). The system that is going to be created needs to consist of several tables and forms so that Kate is able to:  Create, delete and amend records.  Input forms are needed which allow her to enter details about students, including which subject they are doing in which module and their current grade.  To make this easier look up tables will be used so that she can pick the appropriate subject from a list of subjects from the class/subject ID.  She wants a record of the students target minimum grade and current estimated grades for each subject so that she can monitor their progress.  Any other items which are not mentioned but may have to be designed in order to make logical sense of the data base will be included in the appendix

Bubonic Plague1 essays

Bubonic Plague1 essays The Bubonic Plague has killed more people than any other plague. During the 1300s, the Black Death, as they called it, killed nearly half the population of Europe. They called it the Black Death because of the dark color the peoples faces would turn after they died. It is caused by rod-shaped bacteria, Yersinia Pestis. The Bubonic Plague is an acute and severe infection. It is carried by the fleas on infected rodents(rat, squirrel). If the rodent or flea bites a person then it can be passed from person to person from mucus droplets spread by coughing. When infected, the person becomes ill in a few hours to a few days. The bacteria spread throughout the body. The symptoms include swollen lymph nodes(buboes), damaged capillaries signified by bleeding under the skin and black splotches, high fever, aching limbs, vomiting blood, shivering and extreme pain, and swelling continues in lymph nodes on groins, armpits, and neck until they burst shortly before death. Other forms of the plague are pneumonic, which causes severe pneumonia and septicemia. All forms of the plague are extremely dangerous and contagious. (2) The plague has been known for at least three-thousand years. Epidemics have been recorded in China since 224bc. The disease occurred in huge pandemics that destroyed the entire populations of cities throughout the Middle Ages; they have occurred sporadically since that time. The last great pandemic began in China in 1894 and spread to Africa, the Pacific islands, Australia, and the Americas, reaching San Francisco in 1900. Plague still occurs in Asia, Africa, South America, and Australia, but rarely appears in the U.S. Two small, well-contained outbreaks occurred in India in 1994. In 1950 the World Health Organization initiated sanitation programs for plague control throughout the world. (1) Many preventive measures, such as sanitation, killing of rats, and prevention of the transport of...

Pipefish Facts and Information

Pipefish Facts and Information Pipefish are slender relatives of seahorses. Description Pipefish are a very slender fish that has an amazing ability to camouflage, blending in expertly with the slender seagrasses and weeds among which it lives. They align themselves in a vertical position and sway back and forth among the grasses. Like their seahorse and seadragon relatives, pipefish have a long snout and bony rings around their body and fan-shaped tail. Rather than scales, they  have bony plates for protection. Depending on the species, pipefish can be from one to twenty-six inches in length. Some even  have the ability to change color to further blend in with their habitat. Like their seahorse and seadragon relatives, pipefish  have a fused jaw which creates a long, pipette-like snout that is used for sucking in their food.   Classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Actinopterygii Order: Gasterosteiformes Family: Syngnathidae There are over 200 pipefish species. Here are some that are found in United States waters: Common Pipefish  (Northern pipefish)Chain PipefishDusky pipefishBay Pipefish Habitat and Distribution Pipefish live in seagrass beds, among Sargassum, and among reefs, estuaries and rivers. They are found in shallow waters up to waters over 1000 feet deep. They may move to deeper waters in the winter.   Feeding Pipefish eat tiny crustaceans, fish and fish eggs. Some (e.g.,  Janss pipefish) even set up cleaning stations to eat parasites off other fish. Reproduction Like their seahorse relatives, pipefish are ovoviviparous, but it is the male who raises the young. After a sometimes elaborate courtship ritual, females place several hundred eggs on the males brood patch or in his brood pouch (only some species have full- or half-pouches). The eggs are protected there while they incubate, before they hatch  into tiny pipefish that are miniature versions of their parents.   Conservation and Human Uses Threats to pipefish include habitat loss, coastal development, and harvesting for use in traditional medicines. References and Further Information Chesapeake Bay Program. Pipefish.   Accessed October 8, 2014. FusedJaw.  Pipefish Fact Sheet. Accessed October 28, 2014. Monterey Bay Aquarium. Bay Pipefish. Accessed October 28, 2014.Waller, G. 1996. SeaLife: A Complete Guide to the Marine Environment. Smithsonian Institution Press. 504 pp.

A REPORT ON GENDER SECURITY AND EDUCATION FOR ALL Essay

A REPORT ON GENDER SECURITY AND EDUCATION FOR ALL - Essay Example A secure world has a believe that gender security should not be regarded as a separate work stream within institutions and processes working on security and peace issues, instead should be a contemplation of everyone working on security and peace issues. Nevertheless, different scholars have come up with different definitions of gender security. Gender refers to social, economic, cultural and political opportunities and attributes related to being either a female or a male. For this case, gender security takes into consideration particular needs of women, men, girls and boys. This is done by promoting equality and participation of persons of all genders during the process of making decisions. This is mainly done through mainstreaming of gender in both local and international organizations. Education is an imperative thing to everybody, but it is very significant to women and girls in the society. This is because education has a great effect to both the family and generations to come. It is also considered as an entry point to various opportunities in the competitive world. Putting more resources in the girl’s education is one of the ways of curbing poverty and also reducing the gap between the rich and the poor. To ensure that there is no disparity in accessing education for both genders; teachers should ensure that there is proper planning for learning resources. This will ensure that there is a reduction of gender violence against women in the society. Education empowers women and girls to be familiar with their rights and claim them confidently. It also helps them in identifying the significance of health care facilities. A broad incorporation of dimensions of gender equality into learning processes is very important in ensuring effective delivery of security services and local ownership as it ensures accountability, oversight and strengthens the inclusion of security services (Adler, 2009). Nevertheless, planning of learning resources in many educational institutions does not involve both men and women during decision making processes and does not acknowledge adequately gender dynamics in trying to get the insight of such issues as gender and sexual violence. This leads to disparities in distribution of learning resources thus penetration the violation of learner’s rights which may lead to harassment and discrimination (Bastick, 2011). In most learning institutions, both women and men may have some differences in the learning activities they undertake. Such differences may be hindrances to the development since they restrict women from exercising their full potential. Men, boys, women and gir ls have various learning experiences, priorities, roles and needs. Planning of learning resources requires close attention to these disparities. It also ensures that

Market prices, Valuation Principle, Net present Value, interest rates, Essay - 1

Market prices, Valuation Principle, Net present Value, interest rates, and bonds - Essay Example When a person decides to invest in the stock market the investor has to be willing to accept risk. Risk can be defined as the possibility that the actual return on an investment will be different than the expected return (Thefreedictionary, 2011). There are two types of risks: systematic and unsystematic risk. Systematic risk refers to risk that affects the entire marketplace, while unsystematic risk is risk that is related to a specific industry. Investors have to accept systematic risk because it cannot be manage by the investor. Unsystematic risk can be managed by the investor. For instance if the investor has a stock from an industry that faces major risks the investor can sell off that stock to eliminated the unsystematic risk. The expected return of a portfolio is the weighted average of the expected returns of the individual stocks in the portfolio. One would think based on that logic that the portfolio risk would be equal to the sum of the risk of the individual securities, b ut it is not. Typically the portfolio risk is smaller than the weighted average of the stock’s variances. Sometimes the risks of different stocks in a portfolio moved in opposite direction which canceled each other out forming a riskless portfolio. The measure of the degree of the relationship between the variables is called the correlation coefficient (Besley & Brigham, 2000).

G.C.S.E. English Coursework Macbeth Essay Example for Free

G.C.S.E. English Coursework Macbeth Essay Assignment title: (5) Fair is foul and foul is fair. Show how this image recurs and develops through the play. Throughout the tragedy, the theme entitled fair is foul and foul is fair, is key to the plays success and dramatisation, as it both recurs and develops as the play continues. The fore mentioned words are used by and against the key characters in the play, as Shakespeare uses his language to portray the theme and characters. The witches are key in performing the appearance versus reality theme. This major theme is first brought on in the first scene of the play, with the spooky, disturbing, oxymoronic verse culminating in Hover through the fog and filthy air, which explains Shakespeares intentions for the plot and deeper metaphors and echoes through to act five. The blatant opener is much like the oxymoron of I.3, lesser than Macbeth, and greater, which appears impossible, but sets the later scenes in which Banquo meets his end; because Banquo is lesser when he dies, but will be greater because of his fantastic devotion to good, and he shalt get kings, showing Shakespeares desire to impress James I, the possible seed of Banquo, in his theatre. It is clear that, by Hecats rhyming speech in III.5, strength of their illusion, that the fiends whole purpose and method is to deceive people like the literate Macbeth by situations appearing to mean certain things, but in reality meaning something totally different. This clever characteristic is also displayed by the apparitions: the third real or hallucinative metaphor, Be lion-mettled, tells Macbeth of the seemingly impossible move of Birnan Wood the high Dunsinane Hill that they speak of is the only way in which to kill Macbeth, and the English pick up the wood as a simple, proverbial but deadly i mportant battle tactic. The genius playwright shows subtly and brilliantly the innocent appearing child holding a tree, giving the rapt main character a clue to the ironic developments. The equivocal meanings along with the ever-present personification, Who chaves, who frets, would excite the audience and provide excellent entertainment. Also in the apparition scene, it seems that the masters are thought by Macbeth to tell him convivial news, but in fact they bring the disagreeable kind after the rhyming first head, beware Macduff! Dismiss me, enough., has deemed the tragic hero in this typically beautiful narrative, but what Macbeth does not know is that that what the bloody child said about his fate none of woman born shall harm Macbeth, which sends Shakespeare into his ride into the clouds incorporating the usual elaborate metaphors, a bond of fate, sleep in spite of thunder when the fantastical plot of Macduffs Caesarean section sees Macduff as the one with the powers, when he eventually kills the tot ally believing Macbeth. Shakespeare develops the character of Macbeth as a study of the supernatural when what seems like a worthless guess by three old hags, This supernatural soliciting, turns out, not only to be true, but doubtfully veracious in Macbeths mind from the very off, when even he does not know whether it is fair or foul, cannot be good, cannot be ill, in his oxymoronic evaluation of the words of the witches beforehand, creating dramatic Irony. Banquo is the contrast of this with his steadfast righteousness, to betrays in deepest consequence., but the evil predictions turn out to be true in Shakespeares idealistic plot, (to follow James Is views in his book, demonology) as the demons drive him to the highs of monarchy and all the way back down again. The soliloquies of Macbeth provide us with excellent insight into this well developed theme. He openly admits he himself is performing his own fair/foul deeds, Hes here in double trust, as what seems to be a feast for Kind Duncan, turns out to be his own murder as Macbeth describes the apocalyptic imagery, tears shall drown the wind, which he sees in the future, after his equivocal change from polysyllabic to monosyllabic words, Commends the ingredience, naked new-born babe, where Shakespeare cannot decide whether to be literally superb or to concentrate on his plot and echoes. This is developed again by the poet in the next act when it moves on from the simple, deceiving act of treachery, to disguise of evil, covering up true nature, Nature seems dead, where the malevolence is personified and Tarquins ravishing strides bury the seemingly irrepressible mother nature into the ground, as the audience are whiteness to the scene as a dilemma when Macbeth turns into the depraved, perfidious side of him. Macbeth is so rapt at the apparitions scene that he continues to use his poetic licence to great effect as, even when he is shocked, he continues to rearrange the two opposites while using alliteration to its fullest, blood-boltered Banquo. He continues in the exact same state of mind in the following pages, as Shakespeare develops Macbeth as an assertive, yet easily persuaded character, when the minor Lennox receives the same attention as the rest none The castle of Macduff I will surprise, as he ponders on how to kill the feared Macduff: Ironic because he hol ds the opinion that Macduff is foul, although he is fair and he believes the witches speak fairly, but their intentions are very foul. Much like in IV.1, Macbeth performs a soliloquy in his distressed state of mind while Seyton is present, in V.1. The theme is much more developed here where the philosophical Shakespeare tells his now entranced audience that Lifes but a walking shadow, displaying Macbeths depression, followed by his metaphorical, negative description, Struts and frets, of a thing that is thought of as virtuous by the majority of people. This comes after the so- called bad news of his wifes death, but he seems to think that a foul thing like that seems quite fair, She should have died hereafter, even though he appears as the other, sympathetic half of himself, find her disease, before again changing disposition, Would scour these English hence, where he self-centred like concentrates on his own, fragile destiny, as Shakespeare plays around and jumbles the character of Macbeth. Lady Macbeth is an excellent example of the fair/foul theme. She is a lady and is thought to be a kind, loving and lady-like, but her dramatic, alliterative entrance in I.5, And take my milk for gall, you murdering ministers, is the real Lady Macbeth, while the play write shows superbly how she is seeming to be fair in front of guests, Look to the lady, but in fact she is the real villain of the play, tormenting the audience and every-ones innocent ignorance of women. The theme is somewhat reversed towards the end of the script because Shakespeare with his depraved repetition, To bed, to bed, to bed has not made Lady Macbeth such an enemy to his enthralled audience, that they cant really feel sorry a little for her illness, This disease is beyond my practice, as she becomes more fair in the juggled end of the play. The wife of Macbeth also appears un-hurting, senseless and cruel, before we see the start of her more fair side in II.2, Had he not resembled I had donet, as the writer teases the audience with his confusing, twisting plot and monosyllabic dialogues. She repeats a more feeble side of herself in a more complex way as the play develops, dwell in doubtful joy, and she becomes a weaker character. Her contributions to the fair foul/foul theme change as she slowly becomes less of a villain, but her grip on her husband gets much weaker, Be innocent of the knowledge dearest chuck, as he becomes more of the evil one, whilst continuing to use oxymoronic personification, Light thickens, because before, he was looking to be just deception intended by the witches, In their newest gloss, where the lady attacks Macbeths masculinity, then you were a man, but in the second and third murders, a brave man being brought down by the witches. Lady Macbeth is also a great believer in the theme as a disguise for the couples actions, Look like the innocent flower, but be the serpent undert, as the great, evil mind of the lady, developed very early on in the play, plots to kill the king. She and him both exhibit their earlier intentions after the murder, outrun the pauser reason, and What, in our house, when suitably the predictions by the witches to be literal and an excuse to gain power, but the bad acting would show off Shakespeares talent of producing dramatic irony, frustration and repetition to show women as being insignificant, O Banquo, Banquo! Our royal masters murdered, which he does throughout the play. In the murder of Duncan, Lady Macbeth has an important role, as her argumentative side is apparent. This is so because she is taking the predictions by the witches to be literal and an excuse to gain power, but the well educated Macbeth sees the foul deception by the witches, In their newest gloss, where the lady attacks Macbeths masculinity, then you were a man, but in the second and third murders the she has no involvement. He dismisses her with his over stunning oxymoron, restless ecstasy, and alliterative metaphors, lifes fitful fever, so Shakespeare can show off to James I. The hallucinations of particularly Macbeth display the appearance versus reality theme because the objects appear, but are not reality. The dagger, well portrayed by some productions as a shadow, is the first time that Macbeth begins to hallucinate. His rapt, overpowered state of mind is skilfully shown by Shakespeare to provide us with apocalyptic imagery personified, fatal vision, and the thought that a fal se creation could turn a seemingly fair fate into such a foul ending. When the blood and gore become a reality, the cry of women, Untimely ripped, and Macbeth meets his sword-shaped death, which he speaks of in that soliloquy, moves like a ghost, as personification and simile spell out the real fate. At the turning point of the play, III.4, it is questionable whether Macbeth is hallucinating or not. This is still a good example of the fair /foul theme because Banquos death was supposed to be a good thing for Macbeth, but it turned out to be bad, whether in the mind of Macbeth (maybe through the witches speculative powers) or as the genuine ghost that is scripted by Shakespeare, with some in-appropriate, pretty language. The ghost of Banquo represents the change of feelings, of and towards the Macbeth couple, because Macbeth is sent into an even more psychotic, but still repetitive rapture, It will have blood, they say; blood will have blood, while the innocent flower withers and dies and havoc and evil reign in his kingdom, turned wild in nature, but l ady Macbeth becomes seriously mentally ill. At the start of act five, it is lady Macbeths turn to be hallucinatory. In scene one of that act, she admits she is really the evil one, as she was the one who projected the idea of a wolf in sheeps clothing, although disguised by Macbeths polysyllabic personification, Be bright and jovial among your guests tonight, and she ends up as the wolf. Shakespeare attempts to redeem her and not leave her on such a sour note as Macbeth, but possessive, selfish, un-dignified metaphors, Hell is murky, All the perfumes of Arabia, only drive the indifferent, spoilt character more into the role as the villain, before Macbeth kills mercilessly. Dramatic Irony shows the theme superbly because the audience can know of the truth while the characters do not. We first see Macbeth as being fouler than we originally thought when he initially makes his metaphorical lies. The now persuaded and focused Macbeth uses Shakespeares dramatic irony as the audience are aware of his thoughts as he deceives the righteous Banquo, I think not of them, when he first shows the audience that he is a traitor, while the killed traitor was replaced by him. When the play has turned against Macbeth, so has the dramatic irony. We heard in V.4 that the prophecy of the witches has deceived Macbeth and the Bard so comically yet sincerely with his own metaphors shows Macbeth hearing the news, The wood began to move, where the tragic hero is told of a seemingly fair protection against death, turned foul against him into certain fate. The tone is not such a happy and pleased one in IV.3. We can imagine the audience distraught and upset when the unfortunate Macduff is first lied to by Ross, but then the news breaks. Shakespeare increases the tragedy by Ross equivocal words They were well at peace to increase the dramatic irony before he sickens the audience with his blunt upheaval of alliterative comparison, your wife and babes savagely slaughtered, drawing people away from the idea that death is rest, first touched upon by the mercurial Macbeth. The disturbed Shakespeare is very obsessed the death of young characters. The people visiting the play will be very distressed by the playwrights veracity to beguiled murderers as first a small boy is brutally hacked down by the assassins, He has killed me mother, (and even he can use metaphor, shag-haired villain) followed by a teenager losing his life in vain, Thou liest, abhorred tyrant!, as the bewitched main character goes on his last run. This shows dramatic irony because we already know that only one of women born shall harm Macbeth so Shakespeare shows off his literary skills as the characters in Macbeth show their true states of mind through their language. Virtually the whole play contains the fair/foul theme; from the very first scene, until the moment in which Macbeth dies. As his evil world disintegrates, Malcolm concludes saying that righteousness is returned and the end of Macbeth signals the absence appearance versus reality, That fled the snares of watchful tyranny, and that Scotland will continue under his reign and significantly, James Is. He believes that Macbeth was not the totally guilty one, Of this dead butcher and his fiend-like queen, but the dead Lady is. Shakespeare must end the play relevant especially to James I, as a happy ending because the king would not like to see his fears the witches win or his possible ancestors lose.

Anthrax :: essays research papers

Anthrax is the preferred biological warfare agent because: It is highly lethal. 100 million lethal doses per gram of anthrax material (100,000 times deadlier than the deadliest chemical warfare agent). Silent, invisible killer. Inhalational anthrax is virtually always fatal. There are low barriers to production. Low cost of producing the anthrax material. Not high-technology. Knowledge is widely available. Easy to produce in large quantities. It is easy to weaponize. It is extremely stable. It can be stored almost indefinitely as a dry powder. It can be loaded, in a freeze-dried condition, in munitions or disseminated as an aerosol with crude sprayers. Currently, we have a limited detection capability. What is Anthrax? Anthrax is a naturally occurring disease of plant eating animals (goats, sheep, cattle, wine, etc.) caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. It is an illness which has been recognized since antiquity. Anthrax was common in essentially all areas where livestock are raised. Intensive livestock immunization programs have greatly reduced the occurrence of the disease among both animals and humans in much of the world, an most outbreaks occur in areas where immunization programs have not been implemented or have become compromised (primarily Africa and Asia; however, outbreaks occurred during the mid- I 990's in Haiti and the former Soviet Union). Anthrax spores can remain viable for several decades under suitable environmental conditions; thus, absence of cases does not equate to absence of risk. Humans can contract anthrax in three ways: Through cuts or breaks in the skin resulting from contact with an infected animal (cutaneous anthrax), resulting in local and possibly systemic (bloodstream) infection. From breathing anthrax spores (termed "woolsorters" disease) resulting in an infection of the lungs (inhalational anthrax). From eating infected meat, resulting in gastrointestinal infection (gastrointestinal anthrax). Gastrointestinal anthrax is generally not considered a threat to U.S. forces. What are the symptoms? Symptoms of anthrax begin after a 1 to 6 day incubation period following exposure. For contact or cutaneous anthrax, itching will occur at the site of exposure followed by the formation of a lesion. Untreated contact anthrax has a fatality rate of 5-20 percent, but with effective antibiotic treatment, few deaths occur. Initial symptoms for inhalational anthrax are generally non-specific: low grade fever, a dry hacking cough, and weakness. The person may briefly improve after 2 to 4 days; however within 24 hours after this brief improvement, respiratory distress occurs with shock and death following shortly thereafter.

Compensation and Benefits

Compensation and benefits From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Compensation & Benefits) Jump to: navigation, search Compensation and benefits (abbreviated â€Å"C&B†) is a sub-discipline of human resources, focused on employee compensation and benefits policy-making. It is also known in the UK as â€Å"total reward† and as â€Å"remuneration† in Australia and New Zealand.Contents[hide] * 1 The basic components of employee compensation and benefits * 2 Variable pay * 3 Benefits * 4 Equity-based compensation * 5 Organizational place * 6 Main influencers * 7 Bonus plans| [edit] The basic components of employee compensation and benefits Employee compensation and benefits are basically divided into four categories: 1. Guaranteed pay – monetary (cash) reward paid by an employer to an employee based on employee/employer relations. The most common form of guaranteed pay is the basic salary. . Variable pay – monetary (cash) reward paid by a n employer to an employee that is contingent on discretion, performance or results achieved. The most common forms are bonuses and sales incentives. 3. Benefits – programs an employer uses to supplement employees’ compensation, such as paid time-off, medical insurance, company car, and more. 4. Equity-based compensation – a plan using the employer’s share as compensation. The most common examples are stock options. Guaranteed pay Guaranteed pay is a monetary (cash) reward.The basic element of the guaranteed pay is the base salary, paid based on an hourly, daily, weekly, bi-weekly or a monthly rate. The base salary is typically used by employees for ongoing consumption. Many countries dictate the minimum base salary defining a minimum wage. Individual skills and level of experience of employees leave room for differentiation of income-levels within the job-based pay structure. In addition to base salary, there are other pay elements which are paid based so lely on employee/employer relations, such salary and seniority allowance. edit] Variable pay Variable pay is a monetary (cash) reward that is contingent on discretion, performance or results achieved. There are different types of variable pay plans, such as bonus schemes, sales incentives (commission), overtime pay, and more. An example where this type of compensation plan is prevalent is the real estate industry and real estate agents. A common variable pay plan might be the sales person receives 50% of every dollar they bring in up to a level of revenue at which they then bump up to 85% for every dollar they bring in going forward.Typically, this type of plan is based on an annual period of time requiring a â€Å"resetting† each year back to the starting point of 50%. Sometimes this type of plan is administered so that the sales person never resets and never falls down to a lower level. It also includes Performance Linked Incentive whcih is variable and may range from 130% to 0% as per performance of the indiviudal as per his KRA. [edit] Benefits There is a wide variety of employee benefits, such as paid time-off, insurances (life insurance, medical/dental insurance, and work disability insurance), pension plan, company car, and more.A benefit plan is designed to address a specific need and is often provided not in the form of cash. Many countries dictate different minimum benefits, such as minimum paid time-off, employer’s pension contribution, sick pay, and more. [edit] Equity-based compensation Equity based compensation is an employer compensation plan using the employer’s shares as employee compensation. The most common form is stock options, yet employers use additional vehicles such as restricted stock, restricted stock units (RSU), employee stock purchase plan (ESPP), and stock appreciation rights (SAR).The classic objectives of equity based compensation plans are retention, attraction of new hires and aligning employees’ a nd shareholders’ interests. [edit] Organizational place In most companies, compensation & benefits (C&B) is a sub-function of the human-resources function. HR organizations in big companies are typically divided into three: HR business partners (HRBPs), HR centers of excellence, and HR shared services. C&B is an HR center of excellence, like staffing and organizational development (OD). [edit] Main influencersEmployee compensation and benefits main influencers can be divided into two: internal (company) and external influencers. The most important internal influencers are the business objectives, labor unions, internal equity (the idea of compensating employees in similar jobs and similar performance in a similar way), organizational culture and organizational structure. The most important external influencers are the state of the economy, inflation, unemployment rate, the relevant labor market, labor law, tax law, and the relevant industry habits and trends. edit] Bonus plan s Bonus plans are variable pay plans. They have three classic objectives: 1. Adjust labor cost to financial results – the basic idea is to create a bonus plan where the company is paying more bonuses in ‘good times’ and less (or no) bonuses in ‘bad times’. By having bonus plan budget adjusted according to financial results, the company’s labor cost is automatically reduced when the company isn’t doing so well, while good company performance drives higher bonuses to employees. . Drive employee performance – the basic idea is that if an employee knows that his/her bonus depend on the occurrence of a specific event (or paid according to performance, or if a certain goal is achieved), then the employee will do whatever he/she can to secure this event (or improve their performance, or achieve the desired goal). In other words, the bonus is creating an incentive to improve business performance (as defined through the bonus plan). 3.Emp loyee retention – retention is not a primary objective of bonus plans, yet bonuses are thought to bring value with employee retention as well, for three reasons: a) a well designed bonus plan is paying more money to better performers; a competitor offering a competing job-offer to these top performers is likely to face a higher hurdle, given that these employees are already paid higher due to the bonus plan. b) if the bonus is paid annually, employee is less inclined to leave the company before bonus payout; often the reason for leaving (e. g. dispute with the manager, competing job offer) ‘goes away' by the time the bonus is paid. he bonus plan ‘buy' more time for the company to retain the employee. c) employees paid more are more satisfied with their job (all other things being equal) thus less inclined to leave their employer. The concept saying bonus plans can improve employee performance is based on the work of Frederic Skinner, perhaps the most influential p sychologist of the 20th century. Using the concept of Operant Conditioning, Skinner claimed that an organism (animal, human being) is shaping his/her voluntary behavior based on its extrinsic environmental consequences – i. . reinforcement or punishment. This concept captured the heart of many, and indeed most bonus plans nowadays are designed according to it, yet since the late 1940s a growing body of empirical evidence suggested that these if-then rewards do not work in a variety of settings common to the modern workplace. Research even suggested that these type of bonus plans have the potential of damaging employee performance. Retrieved from â€Å"http://en. wikipedia. org/w/index. php? title=Compensation_and_benefits&oldid=478107814† View page ratingsRate this page Rate this page Page ratings What's this? Current average ratings. Trustworthy Objective Complete Well-written I am highly knowledgeable about this topic (optional) I have a relevant college/university d egree It is part of my profession It is a deep personal passion The source of my knowledge is not listed here I would like to help improve Wikipedia, send me an e-mail (optional) We will send you a confirmation e-mail. We will not share your e-mail address with outside parties as per our feedback privacy statement. Submit ratingsSaved successfully Your ratings have not been submitted yet Your ratings have expired Please reevaluate this page and submit new ratings. An error has occurred. Please try again later. Thanks! Your ratings have been saved. Please take a moment to complete a short survey. Start surveyMaybe later Thanks! Your ratings have been saved. Do you want to create an account? An account will help you track your edits, get involved in discussions, and be a part of the community. Create an accountorLog inMaybe later Thanks! Your ratings have been saved.Did you know that you can edit this page? Edit this pageMaybe later Categories: * Human resource management * Employment compensation Personal tools * Log in / create account Namespaces * Article * Talk Variants Views * Read * Edit * View history Actions Search ————————————————- Top of Form Bottom of Form Navigation * Main page * Contents * Featured content * Current events * Random article * Donate to Wikipedia Interaction * Help * About Wikipedia * Community portal * Recent changes * Contact Wikipedia Toolbox What links here * Related changes * Upload file * Special pages * Permanent link * Cite this page * Rate this page Print/export * Create a book * Download as PDF * Printable version * This page was last modified on 21 February 2012 at 18:25. * Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. See Terms of use for details. Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. , a non-profit organization. * Cont act us * Privacy policy * About Wikipedia * Disclaimers * Mobile view * *

Memories by Trilokesh Mukherjee Essay

The poem ‘Memories’ is by an Indian poet called Trilokesh Mukherjee. The poet grew up in India and this influences the poem, he brings his culture into the poem by using imagery and senses and other literary devices. Also, he refers to the Gods from the Hindu religion and mythology. Hindu religion, mythology and family are all very important to the Indian people and this is all shown in the poem when they are sitting around the fire at night. The theme of this poem is childhood memories and how they are still strong in the poets mind. The setting of this poem is in the evening/night time and this is shown by the fact that all the creatures that are mentioned are nocturnal like the night owls. â€Å"The meal was shared with all the children.† This shows us that everybody is included, and there is a sense of togetherness in this community. The poet uses senses to help paint a picture in the readers head. He uses smell with â€Å"smelled the smoke of the fire†, â€Å"the food being cooked†, â€Å"the smell of the rice.† This is intended to make the reader feel relaxed and get a home feeling and feel delightful. Next, the poet uses sights. â€Å"Glow worms added golden firework sparks on the dark canvas.† The poet wants the readers to see a magical world through a kids eyes, and the glow worms are like fireworks going on. It is like the poet is bringing his dark canvas to life. Thirdly, Mukherjee uses sounds to give us an idea of what we can hear, the poet uses onomatopoeia and gives us three examples of what the reader can hear.†untiring chirping of the crickets and nightjars†, â€Å"hooting of night owls†, â€Å"howling of distant jackals.† There Are four different animals here and it could be that they are forming like a band, like the sounds of the night. There is also another example that again, makes the reader feel calm and relaxed. It is â€Å"her reassuring voice.† This shows us that Grandmother makes him feel safe and calm. There are many different ideas for tone in this poem. There is fascination, where the poet as child and his friends have heard the stories so many times, yet still want to hear more about it again and again. â€Å"Again and again† is emphasising on the repetition of the story. There is also excitement from the little kids. â€Å"†¦and then, Grandma!† Although, they already know what was going to happen since they have heard the story  before. The poet brings in his culture again, and the reader can tell that culture is very important to the poet and also that he is proud of it. When he uses the adjectives â€Å"valiant† and â€Å"wonderful† to describe the Gods from the Hindu religion/ mythology. Towards the end of the poem, the tone of the poem gets sad, when the poet states â€Å"Grandmother is no more.† But, even though he said that, he says â€Å"I can still hear her voice.† This shows us how strong the poets memories are. There is then comfort when the poet said, â€Å"I need only shut my eyes to hear the whispering.† This shows us that he goes back an remembers the scene/ setting of the poem, which could be his happy place. The main message for the poem is that the importance and power of the memories. When he states â€Å"That’s what the memories are about.† This suggests that Mukherjee uses his childhood memories as a comfort zone. The language of the poem is also important in the way they describe the memories. In line 1-3 you can straight away realise that the poet uses the collective pronoun ‘We’ This draws the reader into the poem, making them feel part of the poem. It shows the memories of all the family being together, almost like an autobiography. The poet used assonance of the ‘I’ sound in â€Å"untiring chirping of crickets† it’s brings the sound alive. Also the metaphor in the third line, it suggests the brightness of the glow worms. It is almost like a child-like description of the magic of the moment. In lines 4-5, the poet again uses senses to remind him of the memories from his childhood with his Grandmother. â€Å"Smelled the smoke.† â€Å"The smell of rice.† The smell of rice reminds him of the warmth of the house since rice is more of an Indian cultured food. Mukherjee uses ellipsis at the end of line 5, like a dramatic pause which takes us to another stage of the memory which is his Grandmother telling stories to the children. In lines 6-9, after the dramatic pause, the poet uses the phrase ‘Much later’, this gives us the impression that the meal and the story telling lasted all night. Grandmothers â€Å"reassuring voice† makes her sound like a comforting and loving figure, which could be why this could be his favourite childhood memory and why he talks about it. There is also a paradox used â€Å"Far away, unknown, yet familiar†, this shows that the stories were extraordinary for the children. In lines 10-13, the children (including the poet) are always hungry to hear the story and are never really satisfied with it. The use of dialogue, exclamation marks and question marks, show the reader the excitement of the children listening to the story. In lines 14-17, Grandmother brought their dreams alive with her wonderful storytelling and this suggests again, why this could be their favourite childhood memory with their Grandmother. In conclusion, the poet brings out the main theme of the poem which is his childhood memories and by doing so, he is influenced by his culture and surroundings. Trilokesh Mukherjee uses imagery (senses mostly) and metaphors to bring his poem alive and it’s in the past and then towards the end its comes back to the present. This shows us that the poet is now back to reality. The poet thinks that memories are important and that they take us back to he things that really matter in life which is true and in this case it would be, taking him back, to when he was a young boy and how he and his friends would sit around the open fire and listen to his Grandmother tell stories after a meal.

Free Essays on Gender Stereotypes

â€Å"Despite gradual improvement over the last 25 years, the depiction of women on TV remains traditional and stereotyped†.# (Barner, 1) Many television programs have stereotyped men and women to behave in certain ways. What kind of job does a typical woman have? According to recent television programming, the typical woman is a teacher, nurse, secretary, or home maker. How realistic is this portrayal of women to the world? The typical woman is skinny, and very beautiful according to television programs, however all that you have to do is look around to see that not all women are â€Å"television beautiful†. Each woman is beautiful in her own way, however when they are objectified on television programs it creates a false sense of reality for those of us who do not look like Britney Spears or Christina Aguilera, and thus makes us think that if we are not skinny with long blonde hair that we are not beautiful. Television programs rarely portray women as doctors, la wyers, or business executives and when they are given these jobs, most of the women are to portray a neurotic version of a woman. Ally McBeal for example was a lawyer, but she was viewed by most people as a neurotic woman who was only good for a few laughs, and the only person who understood her was also very neurotic. Even the educational programming industry has become a part of this deception. Many of today’s children’s TV shows represent women as the mom who stays at home, or the nurse, or teacher: for example Dexter‘s Laboratory and The Rugrats. This makes young girls think that if they happen to want to be a scientist, it probably won’t happen because only men become scientists according to what we see on TV. Another issue that TV creates is young people starving themselves in a quest to achieve the â€Å"perfect body†. Not many people realize that nearly all actresses that are seen on TV have been altered or â€Å"touched up† by means of airbrushing or p... Free Essays on Gender Stereotypes Free Essays on Gender Stereotypes â€Å"Despite gradual improvement over the last 25 years, the depiction of women on TV remains traditional and stereotyped†.# (Barner, 1) Many television programs have stereotyped men and women to behave in certain ways. What kind of job does a typical woman have? According to recent television programming, the typical woman is a teacher, nurse, secretary, or home maker. How realistic is this portrayal of women to the world? The typical woman is skinny, and very beautiful according to television programs, however all that you have to do is look around to see that not all women are â€Å"television beautiful†. Each woman is beautiful in her own way, however when they are objectified on television programs it creates a false sense of reality for those of us who do not look like Britney Spears or Christina Aguilera, and thus makes us think that if we are not skinny with long blonde hair that we are not beautiful. Television programs rarely portray women as doctors, la wyers, or business executives and when they are given these jobs, most of the women are to portray a neurotic version of a woman. Ally McBeal for example was a lawyer, but she was viewed by most people as a neurotic woman who was only good for a few laughs, and the only person who understood her was also very neurotic. Even the educational programming industry has become a part of this deception. Many of today’s children’s TV shows represent women as the mom who stays at home, or the nurse, or teacher: for example Dexter‘s Laboratory and The Rugrats. This makes young girls think that if they happen to want to be a scientist, it probably won’t happen because only men become scientists according to what we see on TV. Another issue that TV creates is young people starving themselves in a quest to achieve the â€Å"perfect body†. Not many people realize that nearly all actresses that are seen on TV have been altered or â€Å"touched up† by means of airbrushing or p...

How to Collaboratively Write a Business Report with Colleagues

How to Collaboratively Write a Business Report with Colleagues Do you collaboratively write reports with colleagues? Do you find it hard to keep a sense of coherence across the report and unity in the work team? Group writing is a logical and wise report writing practice because it captures the expertise of the right people on a project team. However, writing by group can often result in a report that feels patched together with no coherent tone. It can often require revision after revision as multiple writers interject their comments. Worse, resentments can simmer when the writers see the writing they labored over changed and egos clash. Let's make this process easier and ensure a better outcome. There is an easy to implement approach for collaborative report writing that will ensure expertise and content is captured. And, the report will present a unified tone to the reader. This technique requires three steps. Step #1: Group works together to 1) analyze the purpose and audience of the report and 2) develop the content that audience needs. Create a concept map of the report organization and content. Also, decide on the best tool to convey the report. (A report is typically written in MS Word, PowerPoint, or Excel.) By far, the best technique to capture this is a content map. A content map is simply a visual representation of the substance of a report, with the inter-related components delineated. By creating a visual map, each contributor understands the report whole and can easily draft his or her section because the thinking and analysis work is done. Most importantly, it allows the group to agree on the substance of the report at the start of the report writing process. This is critical for two reasons: If you can't map the structure of a report, it will never be more clear when the structure is longer and written out. The group must complete the planning before diving into the writing. The editing process is often a bit contentious in collaborative writing. Every writer clings to words they labored over. Egos come into play. If changes are requested later on in the editing portion of writing the business report, you will be able to separate changes of substance from changes in language by reviewing the concept map. It will allow you to fine tune the actual edits needed. It is much easier to verify the substance of the report when it is front and center in a concept map. Here is an example of a concept map for a report summarizing the outcomes of a training course: Step #2 Each person writes his or her appropriate section of the report. In this example, if applied here at Instructional Solutions, I would ask our client care manager to write the section on course data since she would know it best. I would ask the instructor most involved in the course to write the section on course evaluations and participant writing since she worked directly with the training group. I would write the course summary section since I typically manage training projects and work directly with our client project manager. This writing strategy ensures that the most qualified person is writing their area of expertise. Additionally, it will be easy for the writers to draft their respective sections because they have a plan and visual map to tether them to that plan. They simply need to unfold the map, and write it out in the right tool (MS Word, PowerPoint, or Excel, as determined by the group discussion.) Step #3 One person combines the sections following the content map structure, and edits the report. This ensures the report has unified style and tone. I see so many "Frankenstein reports" that feel like it was patched together, instead of developed strategically. One person must own the report and have final approval on language and substance. That said, the final editor/writer has two responsibilities: He or she has final say on the language choices.I have seen so many conflicts when too many people are allowed to edit a report. Truly, I've seen resentment between co-workers erupt over a simple word choice. When this happens, the conflict usually isn't about the word choice. It's really about control. Don't open this Pandora's box. Assign editorial control to one person. Choose a strong writer. However, the final writer/editor must discuss any changes in substance with the section writer. At this point, if the group planned the report appropriately in Step #1, substance should not change during an edit. Therefore, any substance changes here are a danger sign that content was not well planned from the start or the editor is making strategic changes. The key to successful collaborative report writing is planning content as a group and capturing it in a concept map, letting the right staff write appropriate sections, and giving one person the task of editing the report. A group can write a very strong report, and stay happy! Learn how to master all aspects of report writing in our Report Writing Course.

Astronomy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Astronomy - Essay Example One of these methods is through the use of spectroscopy. Spectroscopy is a method of looking at the composition of a star or other celestial object by observing differences in the electromagnetic radiation patterns that are picked up. Different elements vibrate at different wavelengths; therefore each element shows a different color when a spectrometer is picking it up. This is how scientists can tell what elements are and are not present in a star. These series of lines are unique to each element. For example, helium produces: one red line, one yellow line, one green line, three blue lines, and four purple lines. This pattern is inherent to only helium, therefore it will show/not show up if it is present/not present. Atomic emission spectra look at the differences in energy that are absorbed when a photon goes through changes in energy levels. Thus when the photon is absorbed, the electrons jump up in energy levels because they become more excited. This jump in energy is what scient ific instruments pick up. This is achieved through lines. Absorption spectra look at the â€Å"holes† that are left when that electron is moving up and down energy levels. Basically, both are looking at atomic energy levels, however they are observing two different effects of energy at the quantum level.

Finance International Investments Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Finance International Investments - Assignment Example The country is expected to capture 1% of the global trade in the near future. The level of exports has grown to nearly 24% as compared to the last four years (Guenthner). India is expected to be among the largest economies by 2035 (Guenthner). This is the right time to invest in India based on the level of economic growth and future prospects. India is viewed as an appropriate market for investors who have long term objectives. Risks of investing in India Investing in India is considered as a huge risk by a number of investors claiming that the chances of success are equal to those of failure (Canada.com). However, these risks are known to exist in any given business venture in a country. This concerns the acceptability of the new product in the market (Trade Chakra). The Indian population is at 1.1 billion however only 40 million people frequently use the internet (Guenthner). Funds should be invested in the online sector as it is among the most promising. In the past, the country h as experienced a couple of terrorist attacks and this has had negative effect on investor confidence. However, this concern has a short-term impact and it should not prevent investors from investing their funds in India. Nevertheless, it is a country with high levels of poverty and strict traditions and it may be hard to introduce new products in the market. Its economy has a long way to go before it fully develops and this poses a risk and challenge of growth to any company. Most of the people are employed in the agricultural sector and 30% of the population lives below the poverty line (Guenthner). The country has a poor infrastructure and this may prove to be a challenge to an investment. Long-term potential for growth in India Indian economy possesses immense economic promise and potential. This has captured a great deal of attention from investors globally. India is said to be an economy with numerous possibilities and can have unpredictable impacts on businesses (Hall and Polo z, 771). The economy is expected to grow at a high rate (12.8% per year) in the near future and this is quite attractive to the investors. The income for Indians is also expected to increase in the coming years. The economy is expected to be among the most powerful in the next two decades. While it is true that the market in India has greater potential than other markets globally, available funds should be invested in sectors with long-term prospective growth such as technology more so the internet. The funds should be invested in areas where the rate of return is over 15%. Political or economic upheavals that might impact performance of the fund Political stability in any given country is vital since it determines the stability of the business environment. India is considered to be the biggest democracy in the world. The current political situation in the country can be described as fairly stable. The major problem facing politics in India is corruption which is a contributing fact or to poor investor confidence. Citizens feel that democracy is not fully exercised which can lead to an uprising in future leading to political instability. The economic state has been improving over the years as earlier mentioned. In terms of purchasing power and GDP, India is ranked third globally after the US and China (Guenthner). The GDP in 2007 was estimated to be $2.965 trillion and the GDP per capita was estimated to be $2700 (Guenthner). The FDI in 2007 was $16 million while in 2006 it was $5.5 million

Maritime Law in Relation to Time Charter Hire Essay

Maritime Law in Relation to Time Charter Hire - Essay Example This is followed by definition of maritime law and providing a brief explanation to help understand the concept at hand. After looking at maritime law, the context then analyzes the two statements, identifying the best statement that suites maritime law as far as Time Charter Hire is concerned. The statements are: â€Å"I have come to the conclusion that hire must be treated in the same way as freight, and that to do so is not an extension of the established exception. It is only in comparatively modern times that the word ‘hire’ has been used. It was formerly known as ‘time freight’ or ‘time-chartered freight’. Indeed, in marine insurance terminology, ‘freight’ still includes ‘hire’.†Ã‚  (The Satya Kamal [1975] 2 Lloyd's Rep 188, per Donaldson J.) â€Å"‘Freight' is payable for carrying a quantity of cargo from one place to another. 'Hire' is payable for the right to use a vessel for a specified period of time, irrespective of whether the charterer chooses to use it for carrying cargo or lays it up, out of use. Every time charter contains clauses which are quite inappropriate to a voyage charter, such as the off-hire clause and the withdrawal clause. So different are the two concepts that I do not think the law as to 'freight' can be applied indiscriminately to 'hire.' (Lord Denning MR in The Nanfri [1978] QB 927.) Relationship between Maritime Law and Time Charter Hire Maritime law is a body of laws, treaties and conventions that presides over international confidential business or other matters engrossing ships, shipping or offenses taking place on open water2. Laws between countries controlling things like national versus international waters are regarded as public international law and are well identified as the Law of the Seas. Through these waters is where the business of time charter hire occurs where an individual can hire a vessel and use to transport cargos from one specif ic port to another. Maritime law, which is also termed as admiralty law, is one of the most developed and oldest types of law. It covers all the laws that rules over contract, tort, ships, marine business, shipping, and employee recompense assertions that take place on the navigable waters of the world. The law is helpful in determining the amount of freight to be issued to the vessel owner when used by a voyage charterer. Subjects of maritime law can encompass towage, salvage, maritime liens, marinas, maritime contracts, and maritime damages. This means that both voyage charter and time charter are covered by these law thus, enhancing contracts made between charterers and owners. Despite the fact that the subjects under the umbrella of maritime laws are many, there are numerous of them that are pretty interesting. For instance, there are rules that preside over what takes place when an individual finds property that had lost. Under international rules, if possession is lost on the water and found by another individual, the finder can assert a salvage present for recovered possession. As a result, if a ship is destructed and loses cargo during an awful ocean storm, the retriever can ask the shipping company to disburse them money for any of the cargo they recover. Note that this takes place after the vessel owner and the charterer have settled the issue of freight or hire. Therefore, if the vessel gets involved in lose of possession, the owner is not involved at all. The case now remains between the charterer and the retriever. In most cases, the salvage

Stakeholders In Singapore Education Education Essay

Stakeholders In Singapore Education Education Essay Education is an area of great importance in Singapore. Thus, most parents have very high expectations of educators. In this essay, I will talk about what are some of these expectations and how I can harness them as a force to enhance students learning. The traditional expectation of an educator is that he must be responsible for the academic welfare and/or excellence of the child. Do parents also expect teachers to play a part in developing the whole person, in areas such as character development? Discipline, must then be part of character development. How much do parents agree to the whole person development? To what extent do parents want teachers and schools to discipline their children? What methods are acceptable and which are not? Recent events shed some light to the amount of expectation there is of schools and teachers and raises some interesting questions too. The Nan Chiau fiasco for example shows the expectation of the public of school discipline and in particular corporal punishment. It is difficult to bridge the gap between those who agree to what the principal did and those who did not. They did however agree to the basic tenet of discipline but not the style. This highlights to us the changes in societal views on methods of discipline. Do these changes in expectation restrict us in achieving our goal in developing the whole child? How do we work with these changed expectations Increasingly, parents are expecting to play a more active role in schools in the form of Parents Support Groups (PSG). In these committees, they may take on different projects and be in charge of their organisation. These projects can be in the form of enrichment programmes for students which may help in the disciplining if appropriate programmes are organised. The issues related to increased parental involvement are legion. What are parents motivations? Will parents expect something in return for their services? What kind of incentives can school offer to encourage parents to participate? Will it lead to inequity? Parents might feel that if they do not contribute as much, their children will be disadvantaged. Will they then see the PSG as an added workload to themselves? Will it disadvantage those students who come from a poor family background Methods to harness them as a force There are some possible solutions in the bid to harness parental support as a force. Schools can package the services that parents can offer. Since parents have different strengths and resources, they can contribute to schools in various ways, such as financial aid, time or talent. When seen in this way, parental support can be of great value to schools. In order to encourage greater participation in the PSG among parents, schools will need to market them. Schools need to be careful not to promote elitism by valuing certain skills above others. They need to ensure that parents do not feel that their contribution is insignificant. How can these be done? One proposal is that schools first identify the schools and parents needs and then communicate and match these needs. On a volunteer basis, parents who feel they can help may come forward to contribute. Schools can also explore the possibility of forming parent-parent groups instead of parent-teacher groups. This is to give greater autonomy to parents and to allow for self-regulation and organisation. It also saves teachers from extra responsibilities. As for questions pertaining to the organisation of the PSG, it has been suggested that cluster superintendents run them, so that they can come up with a model for the cluster of schools, instead of individual schools coming up with their own models. However, the drawback is that cluster superintendents are not at ground level, they do not really understand the actual situation of each of the individual schools. Different schools might have different needs, strengths and weaknesses with regards to parental support, willingness to be involved and resources that they can contribute. Cluster superintendents may then not be a good person to deal with the PSG. Principals have also been identified as a possible person to do the organisation. However, constant changes of principals make it difficult to establish a strong PSG. Also, there is the perennial problem of principals being overloaded with work. Beyond all these issues, we can see that it is important to harness parents expectation as a force to enhance student learning. In involving parents in school in various enrichment and discipline committees, parents will have some degree of control to meet their own expectations Teachers are a bridge between students and parents. We must find a way in which we can harness the negative energy of these parents and use it for beneficent purposes. The challenge for us teachers is to harness them in the correct manner. There are two possibilities to help remedy this. As the world changes, so do the families that make up the smaller blocks of society. Consequently, the second remedy is to heighten the awareness of these parents that the responsibility of their childs development does not fall solely on the shoulders of the teachers and the education system. We thus agreed that as teachers and educators, we must be acutely aware of these societal changes and react to them accordingly and hence the teacher group decided that teachers should be the bridge between students and parents. This is a relatively new trend in humanitys history. It is a reflection of the systems desire to acknowledge and incorporate parents as stakeholders in the education system, and allow these parents some say in how the school is being run . However, it must be cautioned that parental-teacher-school relationships should form a symbiosis for the benefit of students. Hopefully this will motivate them to create a more conducive environment for their children to develop and excel in. Most often this is due to the fact that parents now are better qualified and thus expect a lot more from teachers the education system and their children themselves. This highlights the issues of single parent families. All these factors play an important part in any childs educational process. The consequence of this is that the children of these dual income families spend less time with parents. In addition, the teacher group took into consideration the ubiquity of Singaporean households, where both parents work at their respective careers to provide for a decent standard of living in an increasingly costly city-state. Research has shown that parental involvement makes a differences in the future of the child. On the other hand, students whose parents are not involved are more likely to drop out of school. In conclusion, research has shown that the most accurate predictor of a students achievement in school is not income or social status, but the extent to which the students parents are able to: create a home environment that encourages learning; communicate high, yet reasonable, expectations of their childs achievement and future career; and become involved in their childs education at school and in the community.

The Servants of Twilight :: Free Essay Writer

The Servants of Twilight I recently read a mystery novel called The Servants of Twilight by Dean R. Koontz. Joey Scavello, a six-year-old boy, is the main focus of the book. His mother, Christine Scavello, owns a gourmet shop in Newport Beach, California. Together, the two live in Costa Mesa, a city near Los Angeles. The Church of Twilight, headed by a supposedly psychic woman named Grace Spivey, is the main force against Joey Scavello. Charlie Harrison is a private detective who helps the Scavello family evade the clutches of the members of The Church of Twilight, who are called The Servants of Twilight. It begins on a sunny afternoon in 1985 in the parking lot of a Costa Mesa mall. Christine Scavello and her son are walking to their car when an old woman appears and begins to shout, "He must die!" toward Joey, and rants the phrase, "Don't you know what he is?" Later, they see the same woman outside a window at their house and then she calls them on the phone several times, again saying that Joey must die. It is then that they decide to hire a private investigator. They go to the office of Charlie Harrison and he immediately gives them two bodyguards and a man to keep watch on their house. A while after they get home, two men come with guns, invade the house, and kill the bodyguards. Joey and Christine manage to escape, but know they must go to another city to be safe. After much research, they find that the people following them are from The Church of Twilight, lead by the old woman who confronted them at the mall, Grace Spivey. Eventually, they travel with Charlie all the way from Los Angeles to the mountains of Sacramento, trying to get rid of the "Twilighters". However, every time they stop in a city to rest, the "Twilighters" show up, again attempting to kill Joey. Grace Spivey uses her psychic powers to locate the boy. She believes that six-year old Joey is the antichrist and the son of the devil. She thinks he will rule the world for a thousand years if she does not kill him. The group ends up at Charlie's cabin in the mountains near Sacramento and they believe they are safe from the ten members of the church following them. However, they are wrong, as Spivey and her followers show up for the final confrontation.

Outline H&M’s product strategy Essay

Nobody immediately considers Sweden as a country well known for its fashion, but its Hennes & Mauritz retailer has profitably dominated the globe, with almost 1,000 stores in 20 countries. It is now Europe’s foremost clothing merchant, and at present appears resistant from the anguish confronting other sellers. Even though Europe is the chain’s domination, H&M is one of the few fashion retailers to have created a flourishing hold in the US market, with additional outlets by the end of the year, and more planned thereafter. A large deal of H&M’s accomplishment can be accredited to the aptitude of its internal designers, examples of piggy-backer style, swiftly acknowledging trends then acting on it, and being able to turn out patterns that look very much like what other expensive designers are creating. This might appear a little immoral from a fashion standpoint, but H&M supporters don’t care. In fact, they some what are pleased in thinking they got one up on the head honchos of fashion. Another important draw of H&M’s retail strategy is the stores get new merchandise daily. Much of the new stock comes through a rotation system between stores experiencing runs on certain lines. Sources report that H&M â€Å"turns over its entire inventory a whopping eight times a year.† Furthermore, they are recognized to have one of the best rotation cycles in the business, turning â€Å"merchandise from drawing board to store shelves in as little as three weeks.† As mentioned before, H&M’s success is its ability to quickly recognize fashion trends and get them into its product line. Its merchandise is designed by an in-house staff of more than 60 designers and is sold under more than 20 H&M labels. However, H&M doesn’t own any real estate. Instead, the company believes it should concentrate all its resources on retailing. This could be problematic if the owner of the property finds a higher bidder; this could force the retailer to move its business outside of a ‘prime’ area. Another concern is that the company does not have any manufacturing facilities of its own; the clothes are made in Bangladesh, China, and Turkey. Some European countries that have been known in the past  to have sweatshops filled with children laboring for hours. Once this company drives full force into the United States, it only takes one environmentalist to get wind of the manufacturing plants to begin detrimental allegations. The company wo uld most likely deny such an accusation and might be innocent, but often â€Å"corporations involved are unaware because they buy from suppliers or brokers.† Aside from these possible threats, H&M persists to make the journey across the Atlantic. However, the United States in general, and New York City specifically, can be harsh terrain for European merchants, as viewed by the 1994 departure of Galeries Layfayette , the French department store chain. It is not like jumping across the line into a different European country, where the merchant can depend on its previously developed stock network and its reputation with patrons; in the states, H&M is gripping to a tiny association and is far from home. H&M will need to splurge millions of dollars to make its name identification, particularly if it anticipates competing in a city by now overflowing with discounted fashion. H&M will discover itself contending with many American retailers. To compete productively, the company will have to start by importing large amounts of inventory to create an impression on the consumers. In the long run, considerable development will be necessary. They will want to attain some pretty serious scale. Other challenges exclusive to the U.S. retail market include customers’ obsession to marked-down merchandise; H&M may discover it has to open stores in factory outlet centers to move unsold products at low prices. Any of these are possibly opportunities or threats for H&M and none of it will be a small task in itself for the company as it makes its voyage across the ocean. The U.S. financial decline is certain to suppress H&M’s numbers for the immediate future, although, as a discount chain, it should progress better than many, as well as its competitors. In reality, reduction in spending practices may create the exact sort of client H&M aspires to allure; those looking to look as good as they looked in the boom years without the boom. www.heraldonline.com â€Å"H&M Marketing Strategy.† â€Å"Best Managers†; Business Week; Stefan Persson, Hennes & Mauritz; New York; Jan. 13 2003, pg. 63 www.rachel.org Rachel’s Environmental Health News. â€Å"Assessing Business Impacts.† July 1994 www.hoover.com â€Å"Companies that couldn’t make the voyage.†

Gardenia Bakeries Case Study Essay

This is a strategic marketing plan for Gardenia Bakeries (KL) Sdn Bhd to sell their product â€Å"Auntie Rosie’s Natural Pandan Kaya† to the country â€Å"Australia† in the state of â€Å"Sydney†. 2.0 Overview of Gardenia Bakeries Sdn Bhd 2.1 General Information of Gardenia Bakeries (KL) Sdn Bhd In 1969, an American named Horatio Sye Slocumm was sent by International Executive Service Corporation (IESC) to East Malaysia to start a bakery. Gardenia was then born. Gardenia Bakeries (KL) Sdn Bhd rolled the first loaf of bread off its line in 1986. Within four short years, it became the bread market leader with an astounding 99 percent brand recall rate and 80 percent top-of-mind recall. Gardenia’s range of products grew and evolved through the years, becoming better and better with each step. Leveraging on its brand strength, Gardenia now produces a variety of baked products to satisfy consumers’ demands. 2.2 Products of Gardenia Bakeries (KL) Sdn Bhd There are 11 types of product that Gardenia Bakeries produce, 10 types of it are all breads and the specific one is the coconut jam called â€Å"Auntie Rosie’s Natural Pandan Kaya†. We are only focusing on the product â€Å"Auntie Rosie’s Natural Pandan Kaya† which is very popular in Malaysia. â€Å"Auntie Rosie’s Natural Pandan Kaya† is a coconut jam made from coconut milk, egg, caramel, pandan leaf extract, food conditioner, salt and sweetened with sugar. 2.3 Pricing The pricing strategy for Gardenia Bakeries (KL) Sdn Bhd that is used upon â€Å"Auntie Rosie’s Natural Pandan Kaya† is the Market oriented pricing strategy. Market oriented pricing strategy is setting a price based upon analysis and research compiled from the target market. This means that marketers will set prices depending on the results from the research. The price that Gardenia set for â€Å"Auntie Rosie’s Natural Pandan Kaya† is RM2.50, but there is also competitive rival that throw prices such is RM1.80 and RM2.00. Gardenia would stay firm with this price due to its quality and well known brand over all these years. 2.4 Place/Distribution Gardenia Bakeries (KL) Sdn Bhd doesn’t have its own outlets but it depend on grocery stall, hypermarket and mini markets to distribute its products. Gardenia Bakeries (KL) Sdn Bhd provides their product to places like big hypermarkets and mini markets along the street. As long there is stalls or outlet selling Gardenia bread products, there are sure â€Å"Auntie Rosie’s Natural Pandan Kaya† for sale. 2.5 Promotion Gardenia Bakeries (KL) Sdn Bhd does not do any promotions. 3.0 Overview of Sydney, Australia 3.1 General Information about Sydney, Australia Sydney is the state capital of New South Wales and the most populous city in Australia. It is on Australia’s south-east coast, on the Tasman Sea. In June 2010 the greater metropolitan area had an approximate population of 4.6 million people. Inhabitants of Sydney are called Sydneysiders, comprising a cosmopolitan and international population. 3.2 State of the economy The economy of Australia is one of the largest capitalist economies in the world with a GDP of US$1.57 trillion. Australia’s total wealth is 6.4 trillion dollars. In 2011, it was the 13th largest national economy by nominal GDP and the 17th-largest measured by â€Å"PPP adjusted GDP†, about 1.7% of the world economy. Australia is the 19th-largest importer and 19th-largest exporter. Economy of Australia is quarterly forecasted by the Reserve Bank of Australia. Australian National University in Canberra also supplements Probabilistic interest rate setting project for the Australian Economy, which is compiled by Shadow board members from the ANU academic staff. 3.3 Reasons for selection Australia is one of the richest countries to fulfill purchasing needs. I would target Sydney is because it is one of the largest city in Australia. In Sydney, there is a big population of people there and it includes a lot of overseas student from Malaysia too. The main reason I target Sydney Australia is because the coconut jam would be easier to spread and sell for a head start because there is a lot of Malaysian and Singapore students studying there. 4.0 Pestel Analysis Pestle Analysis of Australia Factors Facts Findings Political Australia is a political stable country. Legally is not a problem to sell â€Å"Auntie Rosie’s Natural Pandan Kaya† there. Selling â€Å"Auntie Rosie’s Natural Pandan Kaya† is not a problem. However Gardenia Bakeries (KL) Sdn Bhd must expect competition in this industry Economic Australia’s economy is doing very well. GDP growth is 3.4% and the per capital income is one of the highest in the world. The economy is generating opportunity for Gardenia Bakeries (KL) Sdn Bhd to sell â€Å"Auntie Rosie’s Natural Pandan Kaya† Social & Culture New Entrants/ Potential Competitors: It is predicted to have more competitions entering into the market 5 Consumer Bargaining Power 6.0 Entry Strategy The proposed entry strategy for Gardenia Bakeries (KL) Sdn Bhd to enter Sydney, Australia should be â€Å"Indirect Exporting† because Gardenia Bakeries (KL) Sdn Bhd could use a middleman to carry out the responsibility for the selling job to sell it to all the hypermarket and mini market. There are a lot of advantages for doing so. First is the risk would be very low for Gardenia Bakeries (KL) Sdn Bhd and it would be safe to let the local middleman get contacts and to apply all the selling. Secondly because that Gardenia Bakeries (KL) Sdn Bhd is a small firm which limits their export business and it focus more on its own country Malaysia, it could be an advantage for them to expose themselves to the Australian. 7.0 Marketing Mix Proposal 7.1 Product The product’s name â€Å"Auntie Rosie’s Natural Pandan Kaya† should be changed due to the culture there don’t understand what is â€Å"Pandan† and â€Å"Kaya† and I find â€Å"Auntie Rosie† is nobody therefore it should be change. It should be changed to â€Å"Gardenia’s Coconut Jam† which it will suit the environment of Australia directly. 7.2 Pricing The price strategy would be using the Market Penetration Strategy which is to sell it cheaper in the first three to five months and then raise the price to the normal price. I would suggest that the price that we should allocate in Australia is $2.0 Aussie Dollars for each coconut jam and after that it should be raised back to $2.5 Aussie Dollars. 7.3 Place/Distribution We would be having a distributor as middle men to sell to all the hypermarkets, mini markets and even groceries store. We are targeting Sydney as our targeted location to start with first. 7.4 Promotion I would want to sell it with a promotion just for the first month. By purchasing one â€Å"Gardenia’s Coconut Jam† we would free one more for the consumers. So it is a buy one free one promotion. This promotion will only valid for one month. 8.0 Conclusion We look forward to help you implement the plan.